After a September 2024 fire at the Bio-Lab chemical plant in Rockdale County released a toxic plume and forced more than 17,000 people to evacuate, nearby residents and businesses filed a putative class action in federal court seeking, among other things, an injunction requiring the defendants to fund a medical-monitoring program. Because the plaintiffs alleged an increased risk of disease rather than present physical injury, the federal district court asked the Supreme Court of Georgia whether Georgia law allows medical-monitoring relief without a present injury and, if so, under what standard. The Court answered in part and declined in part. The Supreme Court of Georgia held that the availability of any equitable remedy, whatever its form, turns on whether the plaintiff has suffered a legally cognizable injury and whether that injury satisfies Georgia’s established requirements for equitable relief, including the lack of an adequate legal remedy and harm that is imminent rather than merely feared. It declined to apply those principles to the Bio-Lab plaintiffs’ allegations, leaving that task to the district court at the motion-to-dismiss stage. The Court further concluded that, although state law likely governs whether equitable relief is available in a diversity case, the form and scope of an injunction are likely questions of federal law, so it would be inappropriate to opine on whether a medical-monitoring injunction may be ordered. It expressly took no position on whether the plaintiffs can ultimately obtain medical monitoring.